Who Invented the Ice Skate?
Cow bones must have been a crude and clunky way to skate. It’s hard to believe that the original ice skates were made of animal bones and date back to before 1800 BCE. The users of these bony Bauers weren’t out on the pond trying to beat each other to the puck. The utilization of ice skates was based on the need to travel through difficult terrain. Little did these early inventors know that their invention would evolve into a multitude of international sports competitions, bringing smiles and laughter to children as they took their first steps onto the ice.
While there is mixed evidence and information on the exact date of the origin of ice skates, and it is unknown who made the very first pair, it is clear that it was a long time ago. There is evidence that the earliest skates date back to 1800 BCE in Scandinavia (Mayer). Based on drawings and literature from the Middle Ages, researchers learned that the first skates were made of bone and were utilized to make it easier to travel on icy surfaces. Sticks were used to help propel and steer on the skates. Interestingly, because the bones contain fat, it helped to reduce friction and allowed easier gliding (Mayer).
The design of ice skates underwent significant transformation in response to shifting functional demands and technological advancements. As Mayer explains, early skates lacked sharp edges and had flat, slippery bottoms, which limited their effectiveness for speed and movement. After 1200 AD, skate design evolved to include wood and steel, with leather straps on top to fasten it to the foot (Riedell). By 1572, the first metal skates were made (Hagen History Center). Straps continued to be used to anchor the skates to the foot. Skaters were gliding even better as the transformation of skates continued. Skating as a sport began in the 13th and 14th centuries, pushing forward the need for further advancements in design. In the 15th century, the style of the metal blade changed to have a curve on the end. From the 18th to 20th centuries, the blade continued to evolve as the purposes for ice skates expanded.
Today, ice skates are used for much more than traversing across icy terrain. New terrain has been discovered in the form of figure skating, speed skating, and ice hockey. For these uses, the type of blade and boot has been adapted to assist with support and performance (TheSportsReviewer.com). One of the biggest improvements in ice skates is the “modern blade,” which is thought to have “revolutionized the sport of ice skating” (TheSportsReviewer.com, sec. Advancements in Ice Skate Technology). Today, a high-quality steel blade is used, and the design of the blade has become curved, which assists in control of the skate edges for better turns and maneuverability on the ice. Blades can also be profiled today, sharpened at a certain angle, to accommodate a skater’s preference. That preference extends to the ice hockey boot as well, customizing it to fit a person’s foot and ankle perfectly. The ice skaters of yesteryear would have been amazed!
It’s amazing to think that what started off as people sliding across the ice on cow bones has turned into the speed of hockey players, the spins of figure skaters, and the laughter of kids learning to skate for the first time. From survival to sport, ice skates have literally carried people through centuries of change. The next time you see a metal blade carve a graceful line across the ice, please remember that it all started with a simple idea to move a little easier across the frozen world.
Works Cited
Bellis, Mary. History of Ice Skates. http://www.theinventors.org/library/inventors/bliceskates.htm.
Hagen History Center. “Did You Know the First Ice Skates Were Made of Bones?” Hagen
History Center, www.hagenhistory.org/blog/did-you-know-the-first-ice-skates-were-
made-of-bones.
Mayer, Johanna. “The History of Ice Skates.” Science Friday, 14 Mar. 2018,
http://www.sciencefriday.com/articles/history-ice-skates.
Riedell. “When Were Ice Skates Invented & Who Invented Them?” Riedell Ice, 7 June
2023, ice-blog.riedellskates.com/when-were-ice-skates-invented-who-invented-them.
TheEvolutionOfTheSkate. http://www.skatingaheadofthecurve.com/TheEvolutionOfTheSkate.html.
TheSportsReviewer.com. “The History of Ice Skating: From Ancient Times to Modern Sport |
TheSportsReviewer.com.” TheSportsReviewer.com, 17 Feb. 2024,
thesportsreviewer.com/the-history-of-ice-skating-from-ancient-times-to-modern-sport.
